Diurnal and Seasonal Surface Urban Heat Island Dynamics and Thermal Field Variance in Faridabad District, India: A MODIS-Based Assessment (2001–2025)
Abhishek Malik, Shubham Mor & Gaurav Kalotra · Asian Journal of Geographical Research · 2026
Aims: To examine the spatial and temporal dynamics of land surface temperature (LST), urban–rural biophysical indices (BUI and NDVI), daily Surface Urban Heat Island Intensity (SUHII), and the Urban Thermal Field Variance Index (UTFVI) on a diurnal and seasonal basis in Faridabad...