In the context of the classical two-player gambler's ruin problem, the winning probabilities and initial stakes are pre-decided. If a player (who is in financial crisis) starts with less amount than his/her opponent in the symmetric game, has more chances to be ruined. Besides, a...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/ajpas/2022/v19i230467
Background: Electrolyte and acid-base imbalances are early markers of chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially relevant in underserved rural populations. This study evaluates key biochemical parameters, the Electrolyte Stress Index (ESI), and clustering-based patient stratificati...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/ijbcrr/2025/v34i61065