Predator–prey environments are widely used benchmarks for multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) because they capture simultaneous cooperation among predators and competition against prey, yet many deployed predator opponents rely on static or pre-trained policies that become...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/jerr/2026/v28i61929
Ankatwar Gajanan, Narote Preetham, Gajjala Lilly Rani, Alurwad Tripat Venkatreddy & K Krunal Yadav·Advances in Research·2026
Digital image processing has evolved from deterministic operators designed around explicit assumptions to data-driven systems that learn representations, priors and decision rules from large image collections. This transition has improved performance in restoration, segmentation,...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/air/2026/v27i51693
Emotion recognition is central to affective computing because it enables intelligent systems to perceive and respond to human affective states in domains such as healthcare, education, customer service, and human–computer interaction. However, unimodal methods based solely on fac...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/ajrcos/2026/v19i7878