Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Neuropsychiatry: Neurobiological Mechanisms, Clinical Manifestations, Diagnostic Challenges, and Therapeutic Implications
Valmin Ramos-Silva, Inocencia Peralta, Greice Kelly Alves Reis, Thiago Correa Sa Ricardo, Mateus Henrique Oliveira Souza, Ariselma Magalhães Peçanha, Joel Alves Lamounier, Wendell Costa Bila & Janine Pereira-Silva · International Neuropsychiatric Disease Journal · 2026
Background: Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) deficiency can affect neurological, cognitive, and psychiatric function, yet interpretation is complicated by variation in biomarkers, clinical phenotypes, and the distinction between biochemical and functional deficiency. Aims: The review aims...
Open access
Research Article
10.9734/indj/2026/v23i5590