Beyond Soil: Plant Intelligence, Bio-Digital Farming Systems, and the Architecture of a Post-Soil Civilisation
Moaed Ali Al Meselmani · Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science · 2026
Hydroponic cultivation uses up to 90 percent less water than conventional soil-based agriculture, can produce substantially higher yields per unit of land area, and can operate in environments entirely unsuitable for traditional farming, from arid desert facilities to orbital spa...
Open access
Research Article
10.9734/ajrcs/2026/v11i3439