Saba Batool

Antimicrobial Efficacy of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle–coated Orthodontic Aligners against Streptococcus Mutans and Candida Albicans: An in vitro Study

Saba Batool, Basanagouda C. Patil, Divya Mundada, Rachana B Kuppanatte, Vishwanath Patil & Sudha R Halkai · International Journal of Research and Reports in Dentistry · 2026

Background: Clear orthodontic aligners create plaque-retentive occlusal surfaces that favour colonisation by Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans, increasing the risk of enamel demineralisation and gingival inflammation during treatment. Objective: To evaluate the antimicrob...

Open access Research Article 10.9734/ijrrd/2026/v9i2334

Effect of Autoclave and Ultraviolet Sterilization on the Surface Topography of New and Retrieved Stainless Steel and Titanium Orthodontic Mini-implants: An in vitro Scanning Electron Microscopic Study

Rachana B. Kuppanatte, Kasturi Patil, Saba Batool, Divya Mundada, Vishwanath Patil, Basanagouda C. Patil, Sudha R. Halkai & Shritesh K · International Journal of Research and Reports in Dentistry · 2026

Background: Orthodontic mini-implants are commonly used as temporary anchorage devices, and their potential reuse requires careful evaluation of surface changes after clinical retrieval and sterilisation. Aim: This in vitro study assessed the effects of autoclave and ultraviolet...

Open access Research Article 10.9734/ijrrd/2026/v9i2344

Comparative Evaluation of Fluoride Toothpaste with Xylitol Mouthwash Versus Fluoride Toothpaste Alone on Salivary Streptococcus Mutans and Lactobacillus Levels in Orthodontic Patients: A Randomized Controlled in-vivo Study

Divya Mundada, Vishwanath Patil, Saba Batool, Rachana B. Kuppanatte, Basanagouda C. Patil, Sudha R. Halkai & Kasturi Patil · International Journal of Research and Reports in Dentistry · 2026

Background: Fixed orthodontic appliances increase plaque retention and promote colonisation by cariogenic organisms, chiefly Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus species, raising the risk of white-spot lesions and caries. Fluoride toothpaste is the standard preventive measure,...

Open access Research Article 10.9734/ijrrd/2026/v9i2340