Electrolyte and Acid-Base Imbalance as Early Markers of CKD: A Cluster-Based Analysis in a Rural Indian Setting
Shriyanshi Sing, Heera Lal Kumawat, Shilpa Rattan, Abid Manzoor, Sana Rafiq & Abid Hussain · International Journal of Biochemistry Research & Review · 2025
Background: Electrolyte and acid-base imbalances are early markers of chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially relevant in underserved rural populations. This study evaluates key biochemical parameters, the Electrolyte Stress Index (ESI), and clustering-based patient stratificati...
Open access
Research Article
10.9734/ijbcrr/2025/v34i61065