Sudha R. Halkai

Comparative Evaluation of Fluoride Toothpaste with Xylitol Mouthwash Versus Fluoride Toothpaste Alone on Salivary Streptococcus Mutans and Lactobacillus Levels in Orthodontic Patients: A Randomized Controlled in-vivo Study

Divya Mundada, Vishwanath Patil, Saba Batool, Rachana B. Kuppanatte, Basanagouda C. Patil, Sudha R. Halkai & Kasturi Patil · International Journal of Research and Reports in Dentistry · 2026

Background: Fixed orthodontic appliances increase plaque retention and promote colonisation by cariogenic organisms, chiefly Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus species, raising the risk of white-spot lesions and caries. Fluoride toothpaste is the standard preventive measure,...

Open access Research Article 10.9734/ijrrd/2026/v9i2340

Effect of Autoclave and Ultraviolet Sterilization on the Surface Topography of New and Retrieved Stainless Steel and Titanium Orthodontic Mini-implants: An in vitro Scanning Electron Microscopic Study

Rachana B. Kuppanatte, Kasturi Patil, Saba Batool, Divya Mundada, Vishwanath Patil, Basanagouda C. Patil, Sudha R. Halkai & Shritesh K · International Journal of Research and Reports in Dentistry · 2026

Background: Orthodontic mini-implants are commonly used as temporary anchorage devices, and their potential reuse requires careful evaluation of surface changes after clinical retrieval and sterilisation. Aim: This in vitro study assessed the effects of autoclave and ultraviolet...

Open access Research Article 10.9734/ijrrd/2026/v9i2344