Environmental Arsenic Exposure and Male Fertility: A Critical Narrative Review of Human Evidence, Mechanisms and Translational Uncertainty
Sunil Kumar Nayak, Bhuneshwar Behra, Mohammed Shoeb & Alka Mishra · Asian Journal of Biology · 2026
Arsenic is a widespread environmental metalloid whose inorganic forms contaminate drinking water, food chains, soil and air. Male reproductive toxicity is biologically plausible because spermatogenesis, steroidogenesis and post-testicular sperm maturation depend on tightly regula...