A Study on Endogenous Hormone Levels and Phenolic Profiles in Embryogenic and Non-Embryogenic Calli of Endemic Plant Campanula tomentosa L.

Abstract

A micropropagation method was developed for the first time in Campanula tomentosa L. (Campanulaceae), adapted to chasmophytic habitats and colonized on calcareous rocky cliffs. Seeds of C. tomentosa were germinated on ½ MS(33%), N6 (30%), B5(11%) and MS(4%) media for callus initiation, leaf explants taken from sterile seedlings were cultured after they were transferred to the MS, ½ MS, N6 and B5 media. The effect of the auxin/cytokine ratio in media and the quality of the callus varied depending on the nutrient medium made formation of a different callus type. The development of two callus types was observed, type I composed of globular embryos was observed in the MS medium (85.71%) and type II translucent, watery and lacking any sign of organization was observed in the B5 medium (71.43%). The objective of this study was to investigate how acetone solvent systems affected the culture media of the total phenolic content (TPC), and condensed tannins content (CTC) in embryogenic, non-embryogenic callus and in vitro germinated roots. The results showed that the 50% acetone extracts exhibited the highest TPC and CTC for both1/2 MS type II. The 80% acetone extracts exhibited the highest TPC for N6 root and CTC for 1/2 MS root.