Brucellosis and Internal and Blood Protozoan Parasites of Camels in North Kordufan State, Sudan

Abstract

Brucellosis is a serious zoonotic disease affecting humans and all domestic animals including camelidae. Blood parasites are one of the most important and serious pathogenic protozoal diseases which caused by Babesia, Theileria and Anaplasma species. In the Sudan the one-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius) is affected by many parasites. These include Protozoans, Helminthes and Ectoparasites. This study was conducted in Al Obied city of North Kordufan State Locality of White Nile State, during the years 2019 and 2020. The study was aiming at detection of brucellosis and internal and blood protozoan parasites in camels. A total of 60 blood samples and 60 faecal samples were collected from camels in Al Obied city. Blood samples were subjected for parasitological examination using thin blood smears, stained with Giemsa stain and examined under the light microscope (1000X). Sera were separated from blood samples and examined using Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) for detection of Brucella antibodies. Faecal samples were subjected for parasitological examination using Floatation and Sedimentation techniques. Five (8.3%) blood sera were positive for RBPT. Twenty five (41.6%) blood samples were positive for blood protozoan parasites. The detected protozoa were 14 Theileria spp. (23.3.0%). 7 Babesia spp. (11.7%) and 4 Anaplasma spp. (6.6%). Twenty eight faecal samples (46.7%) were positive for Internal Parasites. The detected Internal Parasites were 16 Nematodes (26.7%), 5 Ascaris spp. (8.3%), 4 Trichais spp. (6.7%) and 3 Schistosoma spp. (5.0).