Phytochemical Screening, Anti-obesity and Hepatoprotective Activities of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Jatropha tanjorensis in Wistar Rats

Abstract

Aim: The objective of this study is to assess Jatropha tanjorensis's phytochemical components, anti-obesity and hepatoprotective properties. Methods: 35 albino Wistar rats were placed into five groups of seven rats each. Each group received the following treatment: Group A served as the control group, and extract doses of 100 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg were given to groups B and C, respectively. Doses of 200 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg of J. tanjorensis extract were given to groups D and E. Using accepted methods, the phytochemical components, anti-obesity, and hepatoprotective properties of J. tanjorensis were identified. Results: J. tanjorensis was found to include biochemical building blocks like alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, cardiac glycosides, anthraquinones, and saponins after undergoing a qualitative phytochemical screening. With the exception of group C, the results showed a substantial (P< 0.05) drop in cholesterol levels when compared to the control group. Group A's HDL concentration levels increased significantly (P< 0.05) when compared to the other groups.In treated group D (8.70±6.54) after extract administrations, ALP levels were significantly (p 0.05) lower than in the normal control group (15.00±8.00). Although there was a considerable decline in other groups, the ALT activity was found to be significantly lower in treatment group E (5.33±1.33). Treatment groups B (14.003.61) and E (14.003.61) saw a minor but significant decline in AST activity, but treatment groups C (24.33±3.53) and D (36.67±17.34) saw a more significant increase. Conclusion: The study concludes that plant extracts may be used to treat metabolic disorders like obesity and cardiovascular diseases because they have the potential to lower cholesterol and have hepatoprotective effects. Additionally, phytochemicals may be used as drug precursors, templates for synthetic modification, and pharmacological probes.