The Influence of Socio-economic, Demographical Characteristics and Related Factors in the Acquisition of H. pylori Infection

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection remains a significant public health concern globally, particularly in developing countries like Nigeria. This cross-sectional research evaluated the Influence of Socio-economic, Demographical Characteristics and Related Factors in the Acquisition of H. pylori Infection in Nnewi North Local Government Area Anambra State, Nigeria. Four hundred (400) participants aged 2 years and above were recruited by simple random sampling method. A well-structured standard questionnaire was used to diagnose dyspepsia consisting of 24 items clearly written in understandable language and related to the cardinal symptoms of dyspepsia. Data on personal, demographical variables, environment and life style factors were obtained using the structured questionnaire with closed and open-ended questions, which were answered under the guidance of the researcher at point. Furthermore, the data obtained was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. Chi-square test was used to check for the relationship between groups and P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result showed 43.6% males were infected compared to 56.4% female indicating a higher prevalence among females. Individuals who consumed carbonated drinks showed a significantly higher infection rate (56.4%) compared to those who did not (43.6%). Also, there was a significant relationship between age (X2 = 14.107; p=0.015), carbonated drink consumption (X2 = 11.597; p=0.001) and H. pylori infection status. This study found 43.6% males were infected compared to 56.4% female indicating a higher prevalence among females. Also, there was a significant relationship between age, carbonated drink intake and H. pylori infection status. Thus there is need for further studies.