Challenges and Solutions of Solid Waste Disposal Systems in Fako Division, South West Region of Cameroon

Abstract

With rapid urbanisation occurring recently in Fako, there is need for renewed evidence on the functionality of solid waste disposal systems. This paper therefore seeks to investigate the effects of waste disposal systems and facilities in Fako Division of the South West Region of Cameroon. Data from secondary sources was collected from HYSACAM (waste management company), Ombe Industrial Zone and Hospitals. This was complemented by 352 questionnaires administered in the four towns of Buea, Mutengene, Tiko and Limbe. Data analysis was achieved with the help of conventional graphical plots and statistical techniques by using Microsoft Excel 2016 and the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 20 to compute and produce statistical tables, correlation analysis and bar graphs. Results revealed that most of these wastes are disposed of in open dumpsites and directly into waterbodies (rivers and streams) and the least along the roadsides, littered around residential areas and in farmlands. Industrial wastes are channelled directly into the sea, waste from hospitals is incinerated and most of the waste in Limbe and Buea is disposed of in unsanitary landfills which are managed by the HYSACAM Company. This study recommends a framework for waste handling to minimize environmental and health hazards. It also recommends the sensitization of the population on the hazards associated with improper waste management and their involvement and participation in the waste management process. An appropriate solution for waste disposal is a landfill where waste is unloaded, spread into thin layers, compacted and covered with inert material.