Infrastructure Mapping and Spatial Pattern Analysis of Electricity Distribution Utilities in Kaduna South, Kaduna State

Abstract

Reliable electricity distribution infrastructure is essential for supporting socio-economic activities and effective service delivery in urban areas. In Kaduna South Local Government Area, increasing electricity demand and the uneven spatial distribution of distribution facilities can influence electricity access, voltage stability, and the operational burden on existing transformers. Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques provide an effective approach for mapping electricity infrastructure, evaluating its spatial distribution, and identifying areas with comparatively high or low concentrations of facilities. This study aimed to analyse the spatial distribution of electricity distribution utilities in Kaduna South LGA of Kaduna State. The objectives were to identify and map their spatial locations, categorise the facilities, examine their distribution pattern, and analyse the state of electricity distribution in the study area using GIS techniques and questionnaire analysis. The results indicated that 81% of the electricity infrastructure comprised transformers, while distribution offices and injection substations accounted for 15% and 4%, respectively. Transformer capacities ranged from 100KVA to 1500KVA, with 300KVA and 500KVA transformers being the most prominent, accounting for about 24% and 41%, respectively. The facilities exhibited a clustered distribution pattern, with Tudun Wada and Sabon Gari wards having the highest concentrations, while Makera and Kakuri had the lowest. Respondents’ assessment of electricity distribution indicated that 51% rated it as average, while fewer than 10% rated it as high. Respondents also identified constant electricity supply, high electricity performance, transformer overloading, and low-voltage electricity supply as effects associated with different levels of electricity distribution. The study recommended providing additional transformers to reduce pressure on existing units by establishing more distribution substation transformers in low-voltage areas.