Analysis of Pearl Millet's G x E Interaction with the Proposed New Index

Abstract

Developing cultivars that are stable in a variety of conditions has been a problem for plant breeders. The environment can have an impact on a cultivar's phenotypic performance, or different environments can have different effects on different cultivars. Variance resulting from a combination of an individual's genetic composition and the environment in which they were raised is referred to as the genotype-environment interaction. Reducing genotype-environment interaction through breeding stable genotypes facilitates selection of stable, high-yielding genotypes. In multi-environment cultivar trials, AMMI and GGE biplot analyses are frequently utilized to explain G×E interactions. In order to assess breeding material effectively, India's pearl millet agriculture has been split into three main zones, A1, A, and B, based on climatic circumstances. Using AMMI and GGE biplot analysis, the current study assessed the G×E interaction in pearl millet genotypes from Zone-B in India. Based on normalized grain yield and ASV indices, a new weighted index (WI) has been developed to assess stable and high-yielding genotypes. For this zone, the three interaction principal component axes (IPCA1, IPCA2, and IPCA3) have been found to be important. The indices YSI and WI have been used to identify both the high-yield and most stable genotypes, while the AMMI Stability Value (ASV) and Stability Index have been used to find the most stable genotypes. Based on WI, the genotypes G24 and G13 have been identified stable and high yielding genotypes for zone-B.