Enzymatic Activity of Soil Microbiota in Agroecological Systems: A Review of its Relevance for Nutrient Cycling
João Manoel da Silva, Regla Toujaguez, Elizabeth Simões do Amaral Alves, Paula Cibelly Vilela da Silva, Yamina Coentro Montaldo, Tania Marta Carvalho dos Santos, Rafael dos Santos Balbino, Vitória Régia Ramos de Albuquerque Rocha Ramalho
Advances in Research · pp. 74–88 · Published 6 Sep 2025
10.9734/air/2025/v26i51467Abstract
The increasing adoption of agroecological systems requires a deeper understanding of soil biology, particularly microbial enzymatic activity, which is a key element in nutrient dynamics and availability. Enzymes produced by soil bacteria, such as urease, phosphatase, and β-glucosidase, directly participate in the transformation of organic matter into plant-assimilable forms. This literature review aims to gather and analyze recent scientific evidence on the role of bacterial enzymatic activity in soils managed under agroecological practices, discussing its implications for nutrient cycling and agricultural sustainability. The reviewed studies indicate that practices such as organic fertilization, cover cropping, and crop rotation favor the functional biodiversity of soils, enhancing enzymatic activity and the efficiency of biogeochemical processes. It is concluded that valuing the microbiological and biochemical aspects of soils is fundamental for the development of sustainable agricultural practices.
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