Assessing the Health of Dachigam Stream: A Water Quality Analysis

Abstract

As global populations rise and climate change impacts water cycles, the importance of water resources becomes increasingly critical for human sustenance. Streams, characterized by their unidirectional flow, are valuable systems for studying ecological phenomena across spatial and temporal scales. Maintaining good water quality is crucial for preserving biodiversity and ensuring individual and public health, environmental protection, and sustainable development. Analyzing water chemistry is a valuable tool for monitoring stream health, offering insights into pollutant levels and potential issues. This study assesses the spatiotemporal changes in water quality in the Dachigam stream in Kashmir, India. Data on various water quality parameters were collected over a year at six different sampling locations within the Dachigam National Park and surrounding areas up to the mouth of Dal lake. Parameters such as pH, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, and nutrient concentrations were analyzed to evaluate stream health and identify potential sources of pollution. Results revealed significant spatiotemporal variability was evident in the sampled parameters, revealing notable differences in element concentrations across various sites. There was an observable trend of increasing concentrations from upstream to downstream locations. The observed escalation in pollution levels from upstream to downstream sites underscores heightened anthropogenic impacts in the downstream regions.