Development and Current State of Nanotechnology in the Agricultural and Food Sectors: A review

Abstract

The swift proliferation of nanotechnology is revolutionizing the conventional sectors of food and agriculture, with remarkable innovations such as intelligent and responsive packaging, Nano sensors, nano-based pesticides and fertilizers. An array of new nanomaterials is being developed to enhance food safety and quality, boost crop yields, and monitor environmental parameters. This review explores the most recent advancements in nanotechnology focusing on the pressing challenges and potential opportunities in the food and agriculture sectors, based on various contemporary studies. The review also delves into the basic toxicology and risk assessment of nanomaterials employed in these new-generation food and agriculture products. Significant emphasis is placed on the potential application of bio-synthesized and bio-inspired nanomaterials for sustainable development. Fundamental questions related to high-performance, low-toxicity nanomaterials need resolution to boost the active evolution and application of nanotechnology. Legislative measures and regulations are crucial to oversee the manufacturing, processing, application, and disposal of nanomaterials. There is a pressing need for initiatives to amplify public awareness and acceptance of these novel nano-enabled food and agriculture products. Concluding the introduction of nanotechnology food and agriculture sectors offers a multitude of opportunities and a sustainable path forward.