Development and Validation of Comprehensive Psychosocial Well-Being and Coping Scale (CPWCS) For Adolescents

Abstract

Adolescence is a developmental stage marked by emotional, psychological, social and functional changes that influence well-being and coping. This study aimed to develop and preliminarily validate the Comprehensive Psychosocial Well-Being and Coping Scale (CPWCS) for adolescents. The scale was designed to assess six domains of psychosocial well-being: emotional well-being, psychological flourishing, existential fulfilment, social health, psychological tranquillity and functional well-being, along with two coping domains, active coping ability and avoidant coping ability. An initial pool of 80 items was prepared based on theoretical concepts, a literature review and expert suggestions. The response format included three options: Agree, Neutral and Disagree. Content validation was conducted by a panel of nine experts from Human Development and Family Studies, Psychology, Statistics, Extension Education and Food Science and Nutrition. Expert ratings indicated strong agreement on item relevance, clarity, simplicity and representativeness, with an overall mean content validity rating of 4.68. The scale was further pilot-tested among 60 adolescents aged 13–18 years, including 30 boys and 30 girls selected from Ayodhya district. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha. The overall reliability coefficient was 0.93, while dimension-wise reliability coefficients ranged from 0.92 to 0.94. The findings provide preliminary evidence that the CPWCS may be useful for assessing psychosocial well-being and coping patterns among adolescents. Further validation with larger and more diverse samples is required.