Dietary Patterns and Anthropometric Status of Non-pregnant Mothers at General Hospital Uromi, Edo State, Nigeria

Abstract

Aim: This study assessed the dietary patterns, anthropometric status, and health behaviors of non-pregnant mothers attending General Hospital Uromi, Edo State, Nigeria. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2024 to January 2025, involving 120 non-pregnant mothers (18–49 years) selected through systematic random sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires on sociodemographic, dietary habits, physical activity, and health behaviors. Anthropometric measurements (weight, height, and waist circumference) were taken, and Basal Metabolic Index (BMI) was calculated. Ethical approval was obtained, and data were analyzed using SPSS version 26. Results: Most participants were aged 30–39 years (49.2%), married (65.8%), and self-employed (42.5%), with 67.5% earning ₦10,000–₦50,000 monthly. Dietary diversity was poor, with grains (29.2%) and proteins (25%) dominating, while fruits and vegetables were minimally consumed (8.3%). Breakfast skipping (25%) and sugary beverage consumption (50%) were common. Overweight and obesity rates were 30.8% and 35%, respectively, with 40% having waist circumferences of 81–90 cm. Despite 64.2% engaging in physical activity, only 4.2% exercised daily. Hypertension (2.5%) and diabetes (4.2%) were uncommon but pose future risks due to high obesity rates. Conclusion: Poor dietary diversity and high obesity rates highlight the need for nutrition education, improved access to healthy foods, and community-based interventions to reduce NCD risks and enhance maternal health.