Extraction, Evaluation, and Formulation of Hyptis capitata Jacq. (Burunganon) Flower Crude Extract as Bactericidal Ointment

Abstract

Bacterial infection is not only a nationwide problem but a global health concern facing communities and populations across the world. The impact of bacterial infections extends beyond just the health sectors, affecting economies, healthcare systems, and overall societal well-being. This study developed and evaluate ointment from Hyptis capitata Jacq. (Burunganon) flower crude extract and its antibacterial potential. The phytochemical screening was to determine the presence of Alkaloids, phenolic, and cardiac glycosides. The physicochemical properties were analyzed to determine their appearance, homogeneity, odor, pH, spreadability, and water number, and the antibacterial properties were determined. Results showed that the Burunganon flower crude extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic and cardiac glycoside. Result in physicochemical screening of the formulated ointment showed that it had a yellowish color, good homogeneity, menthol like fragrance, slightly acidic, had a good spreadability, and the base had a good absorption of water. Meanwhile, the formulated ointment from burunganon flower crude extract showed inhibitory effect against E. coli and P. aeruginosa. Therefore, the Burunganon flower crude extract showed a presence of secondary metabolites that can be used in a wide range of pharmaceutical application, a promising candidate for development of bacterial agents, providing a natural and potentially effective alternative for combatting infections. Additionally, it shows that it has an good physicochemical properties that can be used in development of bactericidal ointment. More physicochemical test, different base used in formulation, further characterization, and incorporation of antibacterial were recommended.