Identification of Thymol as an Antitubercular Agent from Ocimum gratissimum Leaf Essential Oil
Samuel E. Okhale, Peters Oladosu, Abayomi T. Orishadipe, Joseph I. Okogun
Chemical Science International Journal · pp. 1–6 · Published 31 Aug 2015
10.9734/ACSJ/2015/19141Abstract
Ocimum gratissimum consumed as a vegetable is used to treat cough, tuberculosis and dysentery in Nigeria. Hydro-distillation of the fresh leaves of O. gratissimum yielded a golden yellow essential oil 0.5% v/w which exhibited minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 48 µg/ml against Mycobacterium bovis BCG strain. Activity-guided fractionation of the oil into neutral and acidic portions followed by column chromatography led to the isolation of a crystalline compound with MIC of 9.8 µg/ml while the control drug isoniazid had MIC of 0.07 µg/ml. GC-MS and 1H NMR analyses revealed the bioactive crystalline compound to be thymol.
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