Nexus between Crop Diversification, Agricultural Development and Level of Urbanization in Bihar, India: A Regional Level Study

Abstract

Background: Crop diversification has become an important factor in the agrarian economy for increasing agricultural growth, farmer income, and the utilization of natural resources. At both the district and regional levels, crop diversification has progressed unevenly and shown significant variations. Diversification of highly valuable crops is positively associated with the level of urbanization and the development of the economy and infrastructure. Crop diversification in Bihar varies significantly across the region due to distinct regional features. Policymakers must determine the nature and extent of crop diversification in Bihar at the regional level for making agriculture-related policies. Because of this, the main objective of this research is to examine the variations within regions in Bihar's agricultural development and crop diversification, as well as the extent to which urbanization affects crop diversification at the district and regional levels. Methods: At the regional and district levels, an Agricultural Development Index and a Simpson Index of Diversification have been developed using secondary data obtained mainly from the Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Government of Bihar. Cluster and regression method have been used for deep analysis. Results: According to the findings of the study, there are significant variations both at the district and regional levels, making it impossible to draw a comprehensive generalization about the extent of crop diversification and agricultural development across the region of Bihar. A positive but weak relationship exists between crop diversification and agricultural development. Crop diversification is also positively influenced by urbanization.