Effect of Manuring and Biofertilization on NPK Content, Uptake and Post-Harvest Soil Nutrient Availability in Mung Bean (Vigna radiata)

Abstract

Objective: To study the effect of different organic manure practices and biofertilizers on NPK content and uptake, as well as soil properties after the harvest of mung bean. Methodology: A field experiment was conducted during the Zaid season of 2024 at the Research Farm, School of Agriculture, OM Sterling Global University, Hisar. The study comprised seven treatment combinations involving different organic manures and biofertilizers, tested in a randomized block design with three replications." Results: The results revealed that the chemical analysis showed significantly higher values in the treatment comprising Jeevamrutha @ 3000 L ha⁻¹ applied in three splits at sowing, 30, and 45 DAS, along with Rhizobium and PSB inoculation. This treatment recorded nitrogen content of 3.21% in grain and 0.82% in straw, phosphorus content of 0.97% in grain and 0.36% in straw, and potassium content of 0.97% in grain and 1.16% in straw. Nitrogen uptake was 38.45 kg ha⁻¹ in grain and 16.70 kg ha⁻¹ in straw, phosphorus uptake was 11.61 kg ha⁻¹ in grain and 8.42 kg ha⁻¹ in straw, and potassium uptake was 11.61 kg ha⁻¹ in grain and 27.09 kg ha⁻¹ in straw. Total uptake by the plant was 57.66 kg ha⁻¹ for nitrogen, 20.02 kg ha⁻¹ for phosphorus, and 38.69 kg ha⁻¹ for potassium. Post-harvest soil analysis also showed the highest available nitrogen (143.29 kg ha⁻¹), phosphorus (14.84 kg ha⁻¹), and potassium (145.84 kg ha⁻¹). On the other hand, the control treatment (T₁) recorded the significantly lowest values: nitrogen content of 2.26% in grain and 0.60% in straw, phosphorus content of 0.78% in grain and 0.25% in straw, and potassium content of 0.89% in grain and 1.01% in straw. Corresponding nutrient uptake values were nitrogen at 18.63 kg ha⁻¹ in grain and 10.59 kg ha⁻¹ in straw, phosphorus at 6.39 kg ha⁻¹ in grain and 4.35 kg ha⁻¹ in straw, and potassium at 7.35 kg ha⁻¹ in grain and 17.64 kg ha⁻¹ in straw. Total nutrient uptake by the plant under control was 29.21 kg ha⁻¹ for nitrogen, 10.74 kg ha⁻¹ for phosphorus, and 24.99 kg ha⁻¹ for potassium. Available soil nutrients after harvest were also the lowest under control: nitrogen (122.17 kg ha⁻¹), phosphorus (8.02 kg ha⁻¹), and potassium (114.11 kg ha⁻¹). Conclusion: Overall, the results of the study suggest that treatment T₇ (Jeevamrutha @ 3000 L ha⁻¹ applied in three splits at sowing, 30, and 45 DAS along with Rhizobium and PSB) was the most effective. This treatment proved to be the most suitable in terms of nutrient content and uptake (NPK) by the plant, as well as in enhancing the available NPK content in the soil after harvest.