A Case Report and Literature Review of Verrucous Carcinoma of the Anus

Abstract

Low-grade verrucous exophytic squamous cell carcinomas are uncommon. In 1948, Lauren identified a subtype of squamous cell carcinoma known as verrucous carcinoma (VC). Verrucous carcinoma develops rather slowly, and lymph node metastasis and distant metastases are uncommon. Local recurrences can be related to verrucous carcinoma. In most cases, verrucous carcinoma expands via direct extension. Here we present a case of 50 years male smoker who presented with perianal swelling. The patient underwent a biopsy and histopathology was suggestive of verrucous carcinoma with a focus on well-differentiated Squamous cell carcinoma. MRI pelvis done on 25.12.2021 was suggestive of large poorly marginated infiltrating mass lesion measuring 71x58x 42 mm centred in the skin and subcutaneous planes of left perianal region focally extending into left ischioanal fossa closely abutting the external sphincter at 3-4 0 clock position below the levator plane. No extension into inter sphincteric and supra levator area was seen. Enbloc excision of the perianal tumour with iliac and inguinal node dissection was done, the patient had recurrence after 1 year and repeat surgery was done, Post-surgery scans were suggestive of residual disease and locally advanced disease. The patient was subjected to chemotherapy and is now on follow-up.