Fabrication and Discharging Behaviour of Solid-State Batteries Using Newly Synthesised Fast Ion Conducting Material as an Electrolyte

Abstract

Solid-state batteries use fast ion-conducting solid electrolytes instead of liquids, offering higher safety, energy density, thermal stability, and longer lifespan. They are promising for applications from portable electronics to electric vehicles, potentially enabling faster charging and sustainable energy storage. In the present research, solid-state batteries were manufactured with the following cell configuration: Anode: 0.85[0.75AgI:0.25AgCl]: 0.15CeO2 (Optimum Conducting Composition OCC) cathode. In the cell design, new silver-ion-conducting composite electrolyte systems, 0.85[0.75AgI:0.25AgCl]:0.15CeO2, was prepared using the melt-quenching approach. The details of the synthesis and characterization of this freshly synthesized solid electrolyte have been previously described. For the cell arrangement, Ag metal was used as the anode, while various cathode materials were employed, including a 1:1 wt% mixture of elemental iodine and carbon powder (C+I2) and a 5:5:1 wt% mixture of elemental iodine, carbon powder, and electrolyte (C+I2+ electrolyte). The charging and discharging characteristics of solid-state batteries were studied under various load conditions. Cell metrics such as current density, voltage density, discharge capacity, and energy density were examined and reported. The cell discharge at 1MΩ has working voltage ~0.660V and discharged after ~135h. Similarly, at 500KΩ the working voltage decreased a little ~0.550V, but has larger discharge time of 280h. In other cell configuration the cathode material used (C+I2+Electrolyte) in 5:5:1 wt.% ratio. This cell has larger discharge time about 340h as compared to cell in which a mixture of elemental iodine and carbon powder1:1 wt% was used as a cathode material. The transference number (tion~1) for composite electrolyte systems has been measured using the electrochemical potential technique, which is identical to the value previously reported using the TIC technique for composite systems. The solid-state batteries produced the best performance, particularly during low current drain applications.