Herbicidal Management of Cuscuta spp. in Berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) Crop

Abstract

Aims: To correlate the efficiency of herbicides towards control of Dodder (Cuscuta spp.) in green forage and seed yield of berseem crop. Study Design:  Randomized block design (RBD). Place and Duration of Study: Research cum Instructional Farm, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C.G.) during the Rabi season of 2019-20. Methodology: The experiment consisted of three replications and ten treatments, in which oxyfluorfen was applied as pre-emergence herbicide and pendimethain was applied as pre-emergence and early post-emegence herbicide while imazethepyr, imazamox 35 % + imazethapyr 35 % (ready mix) and sodium acifluorfen 16.5 % + clodinafop-propargyl 8 % (ready mix) were applied as post-emergence herbicides in different proportion along with control. Results: No cuscuta infestation was observed during the experimentation period under any treatments (T1, T2, T3). Highest cuscuta length (41.20 cm), threads (3.00/m2), and dry weight (0.49 g/m2) were recorded just before 1st cutting with treatment (T7). Just before 2nd cutting, the highest cuscuta length (46.32 cm), threads (4.00/m2), and dry weight (0.74 g/m2) were recorded with treatment (T5) and before 3rd cutting, the highest cuscuta length (53.11 cm), threads (5.00/m2), and dry weight (1.06 g/m2) recorded under control (T10). No cuscuta infestation after herbicide application in all treatments. The significantly highest total green forage and seed yield of 60.12 ton/ha and 0.35 ton/ha were recorded under the pre-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 250 g/ha (T3) as compared to the rest of the treatments. Conclusion: The selective action of oxyflourfen, pendimethalin, and imazethapyr on berseem and non-selective control of weeds, including cuscuta spp., resulted in minimal weed competition during critical growth stages. This created a favourable environment for berseem, leading to improved growth, yield quality, and overall crop productivity. The effective herbicidal treatments played a vital role in enhancing berseem yield.