Efficacy of Rhizobacteria in Weed Dynamics of Crop Production Rhythm

Abstract

Weeds plague food crop agriculture of regions of the world. This continued with no adequate and most cost-effective control measures available. Weedicides, for sure, are the leading solution to challenges posed by weeds in the food crop agriculture; however, high costs and the underlying environmental and health repercussions have prompted many works in biological strategies to tackle weeds. The current work gives an overview of rhizobacteria's (RB) efficacy evaluation in tackling weeds dynamics in the crop production system. RB, as free-living soil microorganisms detrimental to weeds in nature; colonize plant roots, suppresses and inhibits the growth of seeds and seedlings in various pathways and mechanisms involving a spectrum of biosynthesized toxins as phytogenic compounds or metabolites. However, RB's efficacy is a constraint due to many reasons such as low activity, a limited spectrum of activities, reduced survival rates, persistence of the suppressive and inhibitive compounds, and complexity of the interactions between the RB and the target weeds. It is imperative to understand the interaction between the weeds and rhizospheres ecological systems to improve the RB approach's efficacy and effectiveness. Hence, advances in microbial genetics, microorganism-plant interactions, and community-level analysis of microbial organisms, including microbe-host relationships that include various biological agents and their potential hosts with higher susceptibility virulence, are essential. Treatments that really can guarantee a longer shelf life, effectiveness, and continued existence of microbial agents, microbial population structure and function that can accelerate microbial weed suppression systems and molecular characterization are essential. Likewise, fatty acid profiling of the targeted weeds suppression strategy, nucleic acid tools, an array pyrosequencing. All these as paradigm shifts to precisely control weeds in cropping systems to increase yield and boost productivity.