Incidence of Canine Distemper in Junagadh Region, Gujarat, India

Abstract

This study was carried out to find the incidence of Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) in dogs of the Junagadh region, Gujarat, and to identify the epidemiology of virus and major factors that contribute to its spread. A total of 74 samples were collected from clinically suspected animals. These samples were evaluated for canine distemper virus infection using by rapid test kit, and for accurate diagnosis, the samples were further processed through PCR. The results found that non-descript canines were affected more (13.51%) as compared to purebred breeds of dogs.  Vaccination status was important, as more than one-third of unvaccinated dogs (35.14%) taking CDV, whereas vaccinated dogs were comparatively less infected. Regular deworming is also helpful to reduce the risk of infection, signifying the value of proper regular preventative measures. The largest number of cases was reported in February (10.81%) out of six months, suggesting that low environmental temperature influences the virus. In gender wise incidence, Male dogs (28.38%) had a higher incidence than female dogs (18.92%). Overall, this study found that breed and seasonal characteristics, uneven deworming, and a lack of immunization all had a significant influence on CDV incidence. Raising vaccination knowledge among dog owners, particularly in rural and low-income metropolitan areas, might have a significant impact on disease prevention and canine population protection.