Income and Employment Generation through Different Farming Systems under Rainfed and Irrigated Situations in Rajasthan, India

Abstract

Introduction: Integrated Farming Systems (IFS) enhance sustainability and stabilize farm income by utilizing multiple enterprises. Income generation through integrated farming systems is significantly higher compared to conventional mono-cropping systems and employment generation is another vital dimension of IFS. Study Area: The present study on farming system was carried out in 2020 in Jaipur district of Rajasthan. Sampling Technique: The multistage sampling technique was used for the study. Jaipur district was purposively selected and from Jaipur district two tehsils, Phulera and Chomu were selected based on rainfed and irrigated situations respectively and 30 farmers were selected form each selected tehsils thus 60 farmers were selected for details study under rainfed and irrigated situation of integrated farming system. Findings: The findings of the study revealed that four farming systems viz; FS-I (C+D), FS-II (C+D+V), FS-III (C+D+G) and FS-IV (C+P) were identified under both rainfed situation and irrigated situation on sample farms. In rainfed farming systems, employment generation per household per annum was highest (661 man days) under FS-IV (C+P) and it was lowest (416 man days) under FS-II (C+D+V). Whereas, the employment generation per hectare was maximum (256.20 man- days) in FS-IV (C+P) and it was minimum (187.65 man days) in FS-I (C+ D).  Under irrigated situation, the employment generation per household was highest (696 man- days) under FS-II (C+D+V) and it was lowest (489 man days) under FS-I (C+D). While, the employment per hectare was generated highest (219.03 man- days) under FS-IV (C+P) and it was generated lowest (103.42 man days) under FS-III (C+ D+G). Conclusion: The study concluded that, under rainfed situation, FS-IV (Crop + Poultry) and under irrigated situation, FS-II (Crop + Dairy + Vegetable) gave better results in terms of net returns and employment generation per households in the study area. Recommendation: Based on findings, it was recommended that farmers should be motivated to adopt non-crop activities also like dairy, poultry and vegetable cultivation, for enhancing their income and employment on their own farms.