Influence of Multirooted Teeth on Periodontitis and Treatment Outcomes: A Case Series

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate the influence of root morphology, particularly root trunk length and crown–root ratio, on periodontal disease progression, diagnosis, and treatment outcomes. Case Description: This case series presents three patients with furcation involvement affecting both premolar and molars. Each case highlights anatomical variations such as long and short root trunks and crown–root ratio differences, demonstrating their impact on periodontal management. Outcome: All three cases showed uneventful healing, with reduction in probing depths and improved gingival architecture following regenerative therapy. Intraoperative findings confirmed that teeth with long root trunks exhibited delayed furcation involvement but posed challenges for complete debridement, while those with short root trunks demonstrated early furcation exposure, increased mobility, and compromised biomechanical support. Premolar furcation involvement further complicated diagnosis and limited therapeutic access. Conclusion: Root morphology substantially influences disease severity and treatment complexity. Careful morphological assessment is essential for accurate diagnosis, effective treatment planning, and long‑term periodontal stability. This case series emphasizes the clinical importance of anatomical variations in guiding periodontal therapy.