Introduction and Management of Mustard Aphid [Lipaphis erysimi Kaltenbach (Homoptera: Aphididae)]: A Review

Abstract

Mustard crops tend to be more vulnerable to various insect pests compared to other oilseed crops. This increased susceptibility is due to several factors, including the crop growth habits, environmental conditions, and the range of pests that specifically target mustard plants. One of the major causes of reduced production is the introduction of insects, such as L. erysimi (K.), B. brassica (L.), Athelia lugens proxima (K.), Pieris brassicae (L.), B. picta (K), Spodoptera litura (F.), Chromatomyia horticola (G.) Thrips tabaci and Bemesia tabaci (G.). Among them, Lipaphis erysimi K., is the most destructive pest in India and is present in many other nations. It is also discovered that the most favored crop for sucking complexes. Aphids are small, soft-bodied insects with a pearl-like shape and two cornicles, or honey tubes extending from the 5th or 6th abdominal segment. They go through four instars or nymphal stages before reaching adulthood. The abdomen of winged female aphids is a dark green color marked by dark lateral stripes between the body sections and dark veins on the wings. Aphids in males are typically olive-green to brown. The infestations usually begin in December and persist until March, thriving at temperatures of 20°C or lower. Cloudy and cold weather conditions further promote their growth. Aphids can produce about 45 generations annually.