Investigating the Impact of Planting Delay on the Performance of Cluster Traits and the Prevalence of Wheat Yellow Rust in the Climatic Conditions of Northern Khuzestan Province (Iran)

Abstract

Yellow rust disease is one of the important fungal diseases in wheat in the north of Khuzestan province. This research aims to investigate the effect of planting date on the amount of damage caused by wheat yellow rust disease on yield, yield components and agronomic traits of wheat cultivars in the climatic conditions of North Khuzestan (Iran) in the form of a split plot design in the form of randomized complete blocks with 3 replications. Crop year 2010-2011 was implemented. In this plan, planting dates were considered as main plots and cultivars as sub-plots. The results showed that the delay in planting is due to early placement in the growth period of winter rainfall as one of the most important factors in growth. This situation leads to a 25% increase in plants infected with this disease. All traits such as non-seed weight and number of seeds in the hollow of the cluster decreased and other traits (performance, seeds per cluster and length of the cluster) decreased. It is hoped that an effective step will be taken in controlling and reducing damage with resistant cultivars in order to properly manage them, especially at the beginning of the autumn rains. According to the obtained results, the need to breed and improve more resistant cultivars, as well as to use more efficient agricultural management, is clearly felt.