Evaluation of Biosafety Protocol and Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Health Attendants at Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Biosafety in healthcare settings is essential for preventing the acquisition of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and protecting patients and healthcare workers. The effectiveness of biosafety protocols depends on the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) of healthcare workers. Aim: This study aimed to assess the KAP regarding biosafety protocols among health attendants at the Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital (FNPH) in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among 100 health attendants selected from a total of 133 using a random sampling method. Data was obtained using a self-administered questionnaire covering infection control, awareness, training, personal protective equipment (PPE) use, and policy existence. The study was conducted with informed consent and ethical approval. Results: The results showed a generally positive understanding of biosafety, with high awareness of its importance (mean = 4.22) and proper PPE usage (mean = 4.37). However, respondents were uncertain about the effectiveness of biosafety protocols in reducing infections (mean = 3.17). Attitudes toward biosafety were mixed (mean = 3.41), indicating indecision, while adherence to protocols varied (mean = 3.41). Conclusion: The study identified key factors influencing adherence, such as insufficient reporting systems and inconsistent training (mean = 3.16). The findings suggest that while health attendants have good awareness and understanding of biosafety protocols, there are gaps in adherence. Recommendations to improve adherence include regular reminders, enhanced monitoring, prioritizing biosafety across departments, and enforcing consequences for non-compliance. The study emphasizes the need for continuous training, institutional support, and a proactive approach to ensure effective biosafety practices in healthcare settings.