Migration for Better Employment in Ethiopia's Gold Mines: A Case Study of the Town of Shakiso

Abstract

Most towns in the world's opportunity economy remain a vital source of income for rural-urban migrants. The study's main objectives were to investigate, identify and examine migration to mines and livelihoods in the informal sector. Primary and secondary sources were used for data collection, and both qualitative and quantitative techniques were implemented. A descriptive case study approach and an inductive approach were used to collect and analyze data from the town's immigrant street vendors, showing that the decision to migrate inspires career opportunities, particularly in the mining sector. Migrants lure into the town by the opportunity to find mining jobs, but end up surviving on the streets. Individuals were forced to emigrate due to the need for jobs, poor living conditions, and lack of agricultural arrival in their birthplaces. The study also found that post-migration street vending is a viable source of income, employment, and economic activity. It has served as a temporary work alternative for those seeking mining jobs or wishing to relocate to another area. Despite this, municipal authorities impose repressive measures on vendors who do not conform to the town's modernist vision. Municipal authorities should recognize street vending as a legitimate and essential source of livelihood for migrants and adopt inclusive and participatory approaches.