Periodontal Diseases and Associated Risk Factors among Residents in Orlu, Nigeria

Abstract

The global burden of periodontal diseases is enormous with attendant health challenges especially in developing countries like Nigeria.  This study assessed the risk factors associated with periodontal diseases in Orlu Local Government Area (LGA) of Imo State, Nigeria.  This cross-sectional descriptive study evaluated 500 respondents randomly selected from the LGA. An interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect the data which was analysed with descriptive statistics, and chi-square used to determine the level of significance set at p≤0.05. The results showed that the younger population, as well as males, were more likely to have periodontal diseases and this was statistically significant (p<0.02). It was also found  that lower income earners were more at risk to developing periodontal diseases compared to higher income earners which was also significant (p<0.00). Those who used chewing stick or toothpaste with brush, and the respondents who brushed two or more times per day were less likely to have periodontal diseases compared to those who used water+ salt or alcohol and  the respondents who brushed only once or less per day and these were also significant (p<0.05 and p<0.01 respectively). We recommend that regular dental check-ups, regular brushing of teeth, the creation of awareness, increased oral health education and inter-sectoral collaboration be embarked upon to achieve a better oral health.