Biodiesel Production from Selected Used Cooking Oils and Animal Fats and Its Implementation

Abstract

Significance of the Study: Biomass derived bio-fuel is biodegradable, nontoxic, sustainable and substitute for fossil fuel as well as capable of removing emission like CO2, CO, SOx, HC and NOX. It is renewable and outstanding energy resource for the generation of steam and electricity, transportation fuel, manufacturing industries. Biomass (animal and plants based like, fruits, vegetable, crops, fish, chicken and other animal byproducts or waste biomass) can be used               for bioenergy production like biofuel and nanocatalyst for biofuel. Agro waste like animal                 waste biomass can be the sources of biodiesel in the industry. The energy is an important factor                             for the development of social and economic development of any country. In recent years,                    using renewable energy as a reducing agent of environmental pollution has become an important issue in the whole world. Aim: In this study it is highlighted that biofuel can be produced from from waste cooking oil, fish and chicken byproduct. Results: The highest yield of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) was found in fish oil (99.8%). However, the 2nd highest yield o biodiesel was found in chicken oil (99.2%). The kinematic viscosity at 40°C accepted the limited value between 1.9 to 6.0 cSt according to the ASTM D445. In addition, TAN value was followed the ASTM D664 standard. Fuel consumption, CO, HC and NOx were lower in fish and chicken biodiesel than palm and sunflower. Conclusion: The less expensive waste feedstock can be used in the commercial and industrial purposes in future for vast energy supply.