Oral Trichomoniasis in Black Kites (Milvus migrans) and Domestic Pigeons (Columba livia domestica): Clinical Manifestations and Therapeutic Strategies
Devangini K. Pandya, Rahul A. Chauhan, Jagruti N. Parmar, Neha M. Rao, Kirtikumar Jadhav, Hemlata D. Patel
Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology · pp. 1574–1582 · Published 27 Nov 2025
10.9734/jabb/2025/v28i113343Abstract
Oral trichomoniasis, caused by Trichomonas gallinae, is a common protozoal infection in black kites and domestic pigeons. This study examined 200 birds (140 black kites, 60 pigeons). The infection rate was higher in pigeons (75%) than in black kites (17.8%). Statistically, the percentage prevalence of Trichomoniasis in domestic pigeon was highly significant (p <0.001) by Chi square analysis. Clinical signs included dehydration (68.57%), anorexia (64.29%), and oropharyngeal lesions (55.71%), with pigeons showing more severe symptoms, including neurological signs. Necropsy revealed caseous necrosis in the oral cavity and digestive tract, with lesion severity linked to mortality. Metronidazole was more effective, achieving 100% recovery in mild cases and 75% in moderate cases, whereas Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim showed limited efficacy. Early detection and prompt treatment are essential to reducing mortality.
Cited by 0
No indexed citations yet.
Related research
- An Assessment of the Epidemiology and In vitro Susceptibility of Giardia lamblia Trophozoites and Cysts to a Variety of Plant Extracts — shares topic coverage
- Evaluation of Chronic Administration of Metronidazole on the Morphological and Biochemical Parameters on the Cerebral Cortex of Adult Wistar Rats — shares topic coverage
- Mechanisms and Equilibrium Studies of Sorption of Metronidazole Using Graphene Oxide — shares topic coverage
- Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of Mixed Antibiotic-Vitamin Metal Complexes Involving Metronidazole and Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) — shares topic coverage
- Novel Rapid Validated TLC- Densitometry for the Simultaneous Determination of Three Co-formulated Drugs used for Deep Tooth Inflammation Treatment — shares topic coverage
Article metrics
Real usage data collected on this platform.
0
Page views
0
PDF downloads
0
Outbound clicks
0
Citations
Views by country
Approximate, from request IP at view time — not citizenship or institution. Countries with fewer than 5 views are grouped as "Other".
No views recorded yet.
Traffic sources
Referring site, by host.
No traffic recorded yet.
Views and downloads exclude known bots/crawlers. Citations combines this platform's own DOI-resolved index with each external source's own reported total — see Cited by above for individually listed citing works. Last refreshed 0 seconds ago.