Diffuse Infiltrative Lung Diseases Revealing Cavum Cancer

Abstract

Diffuse infiltrative lung diseases (ILDs) are a heterogeneous group of pulmonary pathologies, primarily characterized by involvement of the pulmonary interstitium. Diffuse infiltrative lung disease can be caused by inflammatory, infectious, drug-induced, toxic, or neoplastic factors. Undifferentiated carcinoma of the cavum (UCNT), although rare, can be responsible for ILDs, particularly in endemic areas and in cases of Epstein-Barr virus infection. The clinical case presented describes a 68-year-old patient with a history of dizziness and smoking who developed progressive respiratory symptoms accompanied by ENT signs. Clinical examination and imaging studies revealed diffuse infiltrative lung disease with no identified infectious cause. A diagnosis of undifferentiated carcinoma of the cavum was made following a biopsy of a nasopharyngeal mass. Treatment included radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which led to regression of the lung lesions. The discussion highlights the complexity of diagnosing ILDs of neoplastic origin, emphasizing the importance of a multidisciplinary approach and early management. Early detection of underlying causes, particularly in severe forms, is essential for a favorable prognosis.