Prevalence of Malignancy in MNG: Final Histopathology Perspective

Abstract

Objective: To determine the malignancy in multinodular goiter by doing final histopathology of specimen.            Study Design: This is an observational study. Setting: Study carried out in the department of ENT, Head & Neck Surgery of Khairpur Medical College Hospital Khairpur, from August 2016 to July 2019. Materials and Methods:  All those patients with MNG with or without thyrotoxicosis were selected and advised for Thyroid function tests, ultrasound thyroid and serum calcium level. FNAC was performed only in cases with suspicious nodule. All the patients under went total/near total thyroidectomy after all base line routine investigations along with thyroid function tests. Histopathological evaluation was also conducted. Results:  Out of total 70 patients with MNG, 17 (24.3%) cases were suspected of malignancy. Out of 17 suspicious cases, FNAc showed colloid goiter in 8 (47%), follicular in 7 (41%) cases and papillary in 2 (12%) cases. Final histopathology showed total 5 (29%) cases as malignant and remaining 12 (71%) cases were benign. Out of 5 malignant cases, 4 (80%) cases were papillary and 1 (20%) cases were Follicular cell carcinoma. While other 53 (75.7%) cases under went for near total thyroidectomy and specimens sent for histopathology, among these only 1 (2%) case found as Papillary cell Carcinoma. Total 6 cases were malignant out of which in which 5 cases were Papillary cell Carcinoma and one was Follicular cell Carcinoma.  Conclusion: We conclude that multinodular goiter is the most prevalent thyroid disease found in female. Follicular thyroid carcinoma is the most frequent cancer seen in this study.