Cholera in Zambia: Explanatory Factors and Mid-term Impact of the Sustainable Development Goals
Beenzu Siamalube, Emmanuel Ehinmitan, Maina Ngotho, Justus Onguso, Steven Runo
Asian Journal of Research in Infectious Diseases · pp. 89–105 · Published 3 Dec 2024
10.9734/ajrid/2024/v15i12403Abstract
Cholera, a highly contagious disease caused by Vibrio cholerae, poses a severe public health threat, especially in low- and middle-income countries with limited access to clean water and adequate sanitation. Symptoms such as acute watery diarrhoea, vomiting, and muscle cramps can lead to rapid dehydration, and without timely treatment, cholera can be fatal. Globally, cholera incidence has increased significantly, with World Health Organisation data showing a rise from 223,370 cases in 2021 to 472,697 in 2022, with the number of affected countries growing from 35 to 47. In Zambia, cholera outbreaks are recurrent, particularly during the rainy season, with 30 outbreaks recorded between 1977 and 2018. Fishing camps in rural areas and densely populated peri-urban areas, particularly in the Copperbelt and Lusaka provinces, report the highest incidences, attributed to inadequate waste management and poor drainage. This study investigates the factors influencing cholera dynamics in Zambia, focusing on climate variability, population density, and water and sanitation infrastructure. This study employs a mixed-methods approach, analysing historical cholera records, climate data, and socioeconomic factors since 1977. The article seeks to identify correlations between environmental and socioeconomic variables and cholera incidence, to guide effective public health strategies. The findings aim to support Zambia’s efforts to eliminate cholera within its borders by 2025, aligned with the Multisectoral Cholera Elimination Plan and Vision 2030.
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Mordecai Oweibia, Terimobowei Egberipou, Tuebi Richard Wilson · 2025
Mohamed Azab El-Liethy, Ramganesh Selvarajan, Mohammed A. Dakhil · Science of The Total Environment · 2025
Beenzu Siamalube, Emmanuel Ehinmitan, Steven Runo · Foodborne Pathogens and Disease · 2025
Siamalube Beenzu, Emmanuel Ehinmitan, Steven Runo · Rwanda Public Health Bulletin · 2024
Sarah Ngandwe, George M. Ogendi, Elizabeth Muoria · Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection · 2025
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Beenzu Siamalube, Emmanuel Ehinmitan, Steven Runo · PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases · 2025
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