Relationship among Socio-economic Determinants and Non-compliance with Vaccination in Children under 6 Years of Age in Guanajuato, México: A Cross-sectional Study

Abstract

Vaccination is a quick and effective way to protect the population against harmful diseases before coming into contact with pathogens in the external environment. One-third of deaths worldwide are caused by infectious diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, or parasites. Over the years, the planet has experienced different epidemics and pandemics such as the Black Death, smallpox, measles, cholera, influenza, and the most recent SARS-CoV-2; these diseases have claimed the lives of many people. Aims: Determine the social and economic factors that influence the non-compliance with the vaccination schedule at a primary health center in Guanajuato, Mexico. Study Design:  It is a cross-sectional, analytical, quantitative and observational study. Place and Duration of Study: CAISES Pardo Guanajuato from March to May 2024 Methodology: The sample were 200 surveys of parents of pediatric patients under 6 years of age at CAISES El Pardo in Guanajuato, Mexico. 200 vaccination cards of children under 6 years old were reviewed to determine whether the vaccination schedule was complete or incomplete. Subsequently, a survey was conducted with the guardians or parents of the children to observe their stance on vaccines, their knowledge, and interest in vaccination. The survey had a construct validity and an intra-observer reliability of Kappa 0.87, and th e inter-observer Kappa was 0.81. Results: Mothers in free union, as marital status do have the highest rate of non-compliance with their children's vaccination schedule. Although the marital status of the mother did prove to be an important factor in compliance with the vaccination schedule, various other factors affecting the child's vaccination schedule were identified. Conclusion: This research shows the main causes why mothers do not vaccinate their children in a timely manner, is availability of vaccination center and distance from home yo vaccination center. The socio-economic determinants did not show effect in incomplete vaccination card.