RODDMS-IoT: A Radar Based Real-Time Moving Object Detection and Distance Measurement System Using IoT for Enhanced Safety

Abstract

The main users of RADAR (Radio Detection and Ranging) in its early development for security and monitoring purposes were the navy, the military, the aviation services, as well as the space organizations. Nowadays, the demand of radar is expanding. But it takes a while to detect, has a limited detection area, lacks target specificity due to its wide range, oversensitive, costly, etc. A cheaper, easy and effective alternate solution is to use ultrasonic sensor which use sound waves for detection and ranging. Therefore, this study offers a technique for using the Ultrasonic Sensor (HC-SR04) as RADAR. For the purpose of rotation and movement, the Servo Motor (SG90) is connected to the Ultrasonic Sensor (HCRS04). The SIM808 IoT integrated GPS-GSM module is also utilized to send out SMS notifications for object identification. These components are connected to an Arduino Uno and a Raspberry Pi3 to detect and notify the object. Additionally, the goal of this work is to capturing the distance, direction, and radar pulse duration and object shape simultaneously. An algorithm was used to determine the object's velocity, or its speed toward or away from the radar, in order to acquire the precision. By comparing the actual values with the data acquired by the radar, the accuracy of the measurement of both angle and distance is ensured. There are both metal and non-metal objects used in this study. This work's novelty lies in its ability to accurately detect real-time moving objects and measurement the distance of the objects. Besides proper distance and velocity, a large set of data was taken to find the accuracy of the radar for objects of different shapes. The results show the object detected with its distance and angle in a java based Graphical User Interface (GUI), different ranges of object in cm at which it is detected and the detection notification sent to the admin via SMS.