Role of Adrenomedullin in Trophoblast Invasion

Abstract

The Adrenomedullin peptide hormone has a potent vasodilatory activity. Nevertheless this novel peptide has exposed to be almost a ubiquitous peptide, with the many number of tissues and cell types synthesizing adrenomedullin. Adrenomedullin (ADM) and its related family peptides are calcitonin gene-related peptides (α and β-CGRPs), and intermedin/adrenomedullin-2 (IMD/ADM2) which play vital role as regulators of vascular tone and cardiovascular advances in vertebrates. Current research into their functions in reproduction has acknowledged the function of these peptides and their cognate receptors (calcitonin receptor-like receptor/receptor activity-modifying protein (CLR/RAMP) receptors) in fetal cum maternal blood circulation, feto-placental and uteroimplantation development along with that of female gamete development as well as gamete movement in the oviduct. Moreover, recent findings have enlightened the novelty, potential opportunities for the deterrence and treatment of aberrant pregnancies such as pregnancy-stimulated hypertension, preeclampsia, and IUGR. Conversely, chief efforts are still required to clarify the relationships between evident components of the CLR/RAMP signaling pathway and aberrant pregnancies before CLR/RAMP receptors can develop targets for clinical management. With this comprehension, this review summarizes current progression with specific focus on role of adrenomedullin during early implantation.