The Assessment of Diet on Menstrual Irregularities in Women with Chronic Kidney Disease Stages 3-5: A Cross- sectional Study

Abstract

Aim: The Aim of the research is to study Assessment of Diet on Menstrual Irregularities in Women with Chronic Kidney Disease stage 3- 5 Study Design: This study is a cross-sectional study aimed at assessing the relationship between dietary patterns and menstrual irregularities in women diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 3 – 5. The designs enable the collection of data at a single point in time from a defined population, allowing the identification of association between dietary habits, nutritional status and menstrual cycle. Study Setting: The research was conducted at a tertiary care hospital – Shanmukhananda Charitable Hospital, Mallika hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra. Over a specified study period. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 50 women aged 18-50 years with CKD stage 3-5 at a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai. Data were collected using a structured self-designed questionnaire, a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and 24-hour dietary recall. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were also analysed. Statistical tools included descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, and correlation analysis. Results: 40% of participants reported irregular menstrual cycle, 34% had prolonged cycles, and 64% noticed changes in their cycles over the past year. Nutritionally, the mean energy intake was 1002 kcal/day, with inadequate protein and fiber intake. Biochemical findings revealed low haemoglobin (mean 9.42g/d L) and elevated creatinine and potassium levels. Significant association were observed between daily fenugreek consumption and menstrual regularity (p=0.024), while buckwheat consumption patterns revealed a possible self-modification trend among women with irregular cycles (p=0.017). The dietary profile indicated low intake of whole grains and legumes, with high consumption of processed food and refined carbohydrates Conclusion: Inadequate nutritional intake is seen in women with CKD stages 3–5, which may be a factor in irregular menstruation. Reproductive health results in this population may be enhanced by the inclusion of particular foods and suitable nutritional interventions.