Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Married Women Regarding Family Planning Attending Township Primary Healthcare Center (PHCC) Jalingo, Taraba State, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Family planning is essential for improving maternal and child health, reducing fertility rates, and promoting socio-economic development. Despite increasing awareness, the uptake and consistent use of contraceptive methods remain influenced by socio-demographic, cultural, and behavioral factors in many parts of Nigeria. Broad Objective: This study assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of married women regarding family planning at Township Primary Healthcare Centre (PHCC) in Jalingo, Taraba State. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was adopted for the study. A total of 359 married women attending Township PHCC Jalingo were selected using a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire that captured information on socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and contraceptive practices. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The findings showed that most respondents were within the active reproductive age group and had at least secondary education. Knowledge of family planning was high, with widespread awareness of contraceptive methods and their benefits. Attitudes were generally positive, with the majority of respondents supporting family planning, rejecting religious misconceptions, and engaging in spousal communication. The level of practice was also high, with 79.1% currently using a family planning method, exceeding national averages. However, side effects, fear of adverse reactions, and sociocultural influences, including spousal pressure, were identified as barriers to consistent use. Statistical analysis revealed that educational level significantly influenced knowledge (p = .042), while attitude (p = .008) and marital status (p = .001) significantly influenced practice. Conclusion/Recommendations: The study concludes that knowledge, attitudes, and practice of family planning among women in the study area are relatively high. However, addressing concerns about side effects, enhancing male involvement, and strengthening community-based education and counseling are essential to improve sustained contraceptive use. Health policymakers and providers should focus on targeted interventions that address sociocultural barriers and promote informed decision-making.