Systematic Review on Exploration of Donkey Milk as a Safe Alternative for Alleviating Cow Milk Protein Allergy

Abstract

Donkey milk has emerged as a potential alternative to cow milk for alleviating cow milk protein allergy (CMPA), a common food allergy affecting children worldwide. This systematic review explored the efficacy, nutritional benefits, and safety considerations of donkey milk in preventing CMPA. The unique composition of donkey milk, characterized by lower levels of allergenic proteins, high digestibility, and nutritional adequacy, contributes to its hypoallergenic properties. Several studies have demonstrated the tolerability of donkey milk in infants with CMPA, with a significant proportion exhibiting favorable responses to its consumption. The similarities in protein composition between donkey milk and human milk, including low casein content and whey-to-casein ratio, further enhance its suitability as a substitute for cow milk. Donkey milk is rich in essential vitamins, minerals, and bioactive compounds and offers a well-rounded nutritional profile. Its excellent digestibility and potential immunomodulatory effects make it a valuable resource for individuals with gastrointestinal disorders and allergies. However, the limited availability and higher cost of donkey milk compared to cow milk may pose challenges for its widespread adoption. Cultural preferences and social factors also influence the acceptance of donkey milk within communities. Ensuring safety, regulatory compliance, and consumer awareness is crucial to maximize the potential benefits of donkey milk while minimizing the associated risks. Further research is needed to elucidate the long-term effects and safety of incorporating donkey milk into the diet of children with CMPA. Nonetheless, donkey milk is a promising alternative for managing CMPA and offers a unique combination of hypoallergenicity, nutritional value, and therapeutic potential.