Trend of Female Enrolment in STEM at Higher Education Level in India

Abstract

Participation of women in science, technology, and engineering is not only an important aspect in the social and economic development of the nation; it is a critical constituent in the process of improving the quality of life of women themselves. In science, technology, and engineering education only the participation of men is not enough, women's participation is equally important because in India women constitute half of mankind (47.5 %).  Women play a very important role in the progress of a family, society, and country and contribute their bit to the national economy.  Through science, technology, and engineering education, women contribute to the empowerment of themselves. This study aims to examine the position of women in science, technology, and engineering education programs at higher education in India through the Annual Report of the All-India Survey on Higher Education (AISHE) Department of Higher Education, Ministry of Education, Government of India, from 2013-14 to 2019-2020. This was a qualitative and documentary research. The study found that enrolment trend of female students among Others Backward Classes (OBC) in STEM comparatively higher than General SC, ST female students in six years. Enrolment in engineering and technology is not hopeful, the enrolment growth rate is very little and discontinuous, gender gap exists.  The study concludes that the enrolment growth rate of female students in STEM in six years gradually increasing. The study suggests remedial measures to overcome constraints faced by females in pursuing science, engineering, and technology education.