Correlation and Path Coefficient Analyses for Grain Yield and Its Contributing Traits in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell)

Abstract

The study on bread wheat for fourteen characters viz., days to heading (50%), days to maturity, plant height (cm), number of productive tillers per plant, chlorophyll content , spike length (cm), number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, weight of grain per spike(g), 1000 grain weight (g),  biological yield (g), harvest index (%),protein content (%) and grain yield per plant (g) was conducted by making crosses among ten diverse genotypes in half diallel fashion grown in Randomized Block Design in three replication during Rabi 2022-2023 at SIF, C. S. Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur, U.P. to assess the correlation and path coefficient. At genotypic level grain yield per plant showed positive and significant correlation with biological yieldper plant followed by number f productive tillers per plant, weight of grain per spike, harvest index, 1000 grain weight, chlorophyll content and days to maturity. In F2 generation correlation coefficients at genotypic level higher than the corresponding phenotype correlation coefficient for all characters and eight characters viz., biologic yield per plant, weight of grain per spike, number of productive tillers per plant, harvest index, 1000 grain weight, days to maturity, protein content and number of grain per spike showed positive and significant correlation with grain yield per plant. At genotypic level the highest positive direct effect on grain yield per plant was exerted by biological yield per plant followed by harvest index, number of spikelets per spike, spike length, days to 50% heading, 1000 grain weight, number of productive tiller per plant, weight of grain per spike, chlorophyll content and protein content in F1s.At phenotypic level the highest positive direct effect on grain yield per plant was exerted by biological yield per plant followed by harvest index, spike length, days to maturity, number of productive tiller per plant, weight of grain per spike, chlorophyll contend and protein content in F2s. Hence these characters may be considered for selection and improvement of grain yield in bread wheat.